Maternity Reflexology Research
INFERTILITY
Controlled Clinical Trials
Grinsted, Schumann L. 2002. Has reflexology effect on women suffering from PCO/PCOS: pilot study. Froenede Danske Zoneterapeuter (FDZ).
Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT)
Holt J, Lord J, Acharya U, White A, O'Neill N, Shaw S, Barton A. 2008. The effectiveness of foot reflexology in inducing ovulation: a sham-controlled randomized trial. Fertility and Sterility. June 18; 91;6:251-9.
PMS
Controlled/Clinical Trials
Hansen L, Sietam K, Eriksen L. 2003. Reflexology relieves PMS symptoms. In: Proceedings of the RiEN Conference, Italy. [Conducted by FDZ society of Reflexology, Funen County Denmark]
RCT
Oleson T & Focco W. 1993. Randomized controlled study of premenstrual symptoms treated with ear, hand and foot reflexology. Obstetrics and Gynaecology 82;6:906-11.
Valiani M, Babaei E, Heshmat R, Zare Z. 2010. Comparing the effects of reflexology methods and Ibuprofen administration on dysmenorrhea in female students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IJNMR, 15(Special Issue): 371-378
Pregnancy
Controlled/Clinical Trials
Green E.1997. Treating hypertension and pre-eclampsia at Queen Charlotte’s. Reflexology Association of Australia Footprints Journal. September, pp.16-17.
McNeill J, Alderdice F & McMurray F. 2006. A retrospective cohort study exploring the relationship between antenatal reflexology and intranatal outcomes. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, May;12:119-125.
Motha G, & McGarth J. 1994. The effects of reflexology on labour outcome. In: Association of Reflexologists. Reflexology Research Reports (2nd ed). Association of Reflexologists, London.
Pourghaznein T & Ghafari F. 2006. The effect of sole reflexology on severity of fatigue in pregnant women. TUMS Publications: Tehran University of Medical Sciences Publications, 12;4:5-12 [ Article in Persian].
RCT
Close, C., Sinclair, M., Mc Cullough, J., Liddle, D. and Hughes, C., 2016. A pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effectiveness of reflexology for managing pregnancy low back and/or pelvic pain. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 23, pp.117-124.
El-Fekey E, Omara H, El-Reyaye G, El-Enin M. 2018. Effect of food reflexology on stress and anxiety during pregnancy. Medical Journal Cairo University, 86(3):1607-1611.
McCullough, J.E., Liddle, S.D., Close, C., Sinclair, M. and Hughes, C.M., 2018. Reflexology: A randomised controlled trial investigating the effects on beta-endorphin, cortisol and pregnancy related stress. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 31, pp.76-84.
Mollart L. 2003. Single blind trial addressing the differential effects of two reflexology techniques versus rest, on ankle and foot oedema in late pregnancy. Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery, Nov, 9;4: 203-8.
Pourghaznein T, and Ghafari F. 2006. The effect of sole reflexology on severity of fatigue in pregnant women. TUMS Publications: Tehran University of Medical Sciences Publications,12(4):5-12: [Persian].
Sehhatti, F., Hughes, C., Mirghafourvand, M., & Azan, Z. A. 2020. The effect of short - term foot reflexology in improving constipation symptoms during pregnancy: A two-armed Randomized Controlled Trial. 8(1), [4726].
Shobeiri, F., Manoucheri, B., Parsa, P., & Roshanaei, G. 2017. Effects of Counselling and Sole Reflexology on Fatigue in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR, 11(6), QC01–QC04. http://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/22681.9972
Labour & Birth
Bagheri, L. Keramat, A., Ghiasi, A. 2018. The effect of reflexology on labor pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trial studies. International Journal of Health Studies, 4(2):S1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22100/ijhs.v4i2.611
Qualitative Studies
Arnon Z, Dor A, Bazak H, Attias S, Sagi S, Balachsan S, Schiff E. 2019. Complementary medicine for labouring women: a qualitative study of the effects of reflexology. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, DOI:10.1515/jcim-2018-002.
Controlled/Clinical Trials
Feter E, Bering L, Lenstrup C, Roseno H & Taxbol D. 1988. Reflexology in relation to Birth. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Confederation of Midwives Congress, Vancouver, Canada, 2:651-6.
Singh, V. 2019. A study to assess the effectiveness in foot reflexology in reduction of labour pain during first stage among primi mothers admitted to selected D hospitals in Jabalpur city. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 9(8) 32-33.
Surakka T. 1998. How to measure the effectiveness of reflexology as a labour painkiller. In: Proceeding 3rd European Conference of Reflexology, Tampere, Finland. September 18-20; 57-8.
RCT
Bagheri, L., Ghiasi, A. and Ahmadnia, E., 2018. Effect of Reflexology on the Length of Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, 21(1), pp.105-114.
Clausen J & Moller E. 1996. Foot reflex therapy in the treatment of primary inertia during labour. Proceedings 24th Triennial Congress of the International Confederation of Midwives, Oslo.
Dolatian M, Hasanpour A, Montazeri S, Heshmat R, Majd H. 2011. The effect of reflexology on pain intensity and duration of labour on primiparas. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 13 (7) 475-479.
Mathew, A.M. and Francis, F., 2016. Effectiveness of Foot Reflexology in Reduction of Labour Pain among Mothers in Labour Admitted at PSG. International Journal of Nursing Education, 8(3).
Jenabi E, Mohajeran M.H, Torkamani M. 2012. The effect of reflexology on relieving the labor pain. Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Infertility, 14 (8), 34-38.
Jijimole M, Jaleel Abdul A, Vijayaraghavan R, Sisila C. 2018. Comparison of the effectiveness of reflexology with skilled birth attendant on labour outcomes in terms of psychological variables among primigravid women- a pilot study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 8(8):1179-1187.
Levyj I, Attias S, Laveee T, Avneri O, Cohen G, et al. 2020. The effectiveness of foot reflexology in reducing anxiety and duration of labour in primigravidas: an open-label randomised controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 38:2-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101085
Mirzaei F, Kaviani M, Jafari Peyman. 2010. Effect of foot reflexology on duration of labor and severity of first-stage labor pain. Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gyneocology and Infertility, April-May; 13(1):27-32.
Moghimi-Hanjani SM, Turzani ZM, Shoghi M.2015. The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Anxiety, Pain, and Outcomes of the Labor in Primigravida Women. Acta Medica Iranica, 53,(8): 407-11.
Moghimi-Hanjani SM, Tourzani ZM, Shoghi M, Ahmadi G. 2013. Effect of foot reflexology on pain intensity and duration of labor on primiparous. Koomesh 14: 166-171.
Soheila Moghimi Hanjani1, Zahra Mehdizadeh Tourzani, Mahnaz Shoghi. 2013. The effect of foot reflexology on anxiety, pain, and outcomes of the labor in primigravida Women. Acta Med Iran. 53(8):507-511.
Valiani M, Shirahn E, Kianpour M, Hasanpour M. 2010. Reviewing the effect of reflexology on the pain and certain features and outcomes of the labour on the primiparous women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, Dec,15 (supppl1): 302-310.
Yılar Erkek, Z. and Aktas, S., 2018. The Effect of Foot Reflexology on the Anxiety Levels of Women in Labor. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 24(4), pp.352-360
Postnatal & Breastfeeding
Allam. N. 2019. Effects of reflexology strategies on mothers breast milk volume and their premature weight gain. Asian Journal of Paediatric Research, 2(4) 1-4.
Ashabiya J. M., Solomon Reeta Jebakumari. 2018. Effectiveness of foot Reflexology on post caesarean pain among mothers who had Caesarean Section, Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, 8 (4); 531- 534
Choi S, Lee,E. 2015 Effects of Foot-Reflexology Massage on Fatigue, Stress and Postpartum Depression in Postpartum Women. J Korean Acad Nurs, 45 (4): 587- 594 [Korean]
Elbasan B, Bezgin S. 2018. The effects of reflexology on constipation and motor functions in children with cerebral palsy, Paediatrics and Neonatology, 59,(1): 42–47.
Hannula L, Puukka, P, Asunmaa M, Makijarvi M. 2019. A pilot study of parent's experiences of reflexology treatment for infants with colic in Finland. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12790
Hassani, S & Hassani, K. 2015. The effect of foot reflexology on physiologic indices and pain severity following caesarean delivery. Research Journal of Medical Sciences, 9 (3)114-117.
Khoshtarash M, Ghanbari A, Yegane M.R, Kazemnejhad E, Rezasoltani P.2012. Effects of foot reflexology on pain and physiological parameters after Cesarean Section. Koomesh 14 (1):109-116
Li C, Chen S, Li C, Gau M, Huang C. 2009. RCT effectiveness of using foot reflexology to improve quality of sleep amongst taiwanese postpartum women, Midwifery: 2009.04.005
Mohammadpour A, Valiani N, Sadeghnia A, Talakoub S. 2018. Investigating the effect of reflexology on the breast milk volume of Preterm infants’ mothers. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 23:371-5.
Nia G, Montazeri S, Afshari P, Haghighizadeh. 2019. Foot reflexology effect on postnatal pain- a randomised controlled trial. Journal of Evolution Med. Dent. Sci. 8(39) 2976-81. https://doi.org.10.14260/jemds/2019/647
Park S. 2007. Effects of Foot-Reflexology Massage on Body Weight, Lower Extremity Edema and Serum Lipids in Postpartum Women, Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, 13, 2: 105-114 [Korean]
Pourghaznein T, and Ghafari F. 2006. The effect of sole reflexology on severity of fatigue in pregnant women. TUMS Publications: Tehran University of Medical Sciences Publications,12(4):5-12: [Persian].
Razmjoo Nastaran, Hafizi Lotfabadi Leili,Yousefi Fatemeh*,Esmaeeli Habibolah,Azizi Hoda,Lotfalizadeh Marzieh. 2012. Effect of Foot Reflexology on Pain and Anxiety in women following Elective Cesarean Section. Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gyneocology and Infertility. April; 15(1):9-17.
Siu-lan, Li, 1996. Milk secretion in new mothers: Galactagogue Effect of Foot Reflexology in 217 Parturient Women. Beijing International Reflexology Conference (Report), China Preventive Medical Association and the Chinese Society of Reflexology, Beijing, 1996 p. 14
Menopause & Associated conditions
Controlled Clinical Trials
Lee YM. 2006. Effect of Self-Foot Reflexology massage on Depression, Stress Responses and Immune Functions of Middle Aged Women. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. Feb;36;1:179-88 [Article in Korean]
Park HS, Cho GY. 2004. Effects of foot reflexology on essential hypertension patients. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2004 Aug;34; 5:739-50. [Article in Korean]
Jang SH, Kim KH. 2009 Effects of self-foot reflexology on stress, fatigue and blood circulation in premenopausal middle-aged women. J Korean Acad Nurs. Oct;39;5:662-72. [Article in Korean]
RCT
Williamson J, White A, Hat A, Ernst E. 2002. Randomised controlled trial of reflexology for menopausal symptoms. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sept; 109:1050-1055.
Updated March 2022
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